Candi Bentar: The Balinese Gateway Structure

Beyond the breath taking landscapes and serene beaches. One of the most iconic symbols of Balinese heritage is the Candi Bentar or split gate. These ancient looking structures hold profound spiritual and cultural significance. From the entrance of temples to palaces and homes, Candi Bentar gateways stand as timeless portals inviting you into Bali’s rich traditions.

Key Characteristics and Symbolism of Balinese Gateways

Structure

The Candi Bentar is characterized by two symmetrical towers, meticulously carved from stone or wood. These tall, narrow structures feature intricate designs and stand side by side, leaving a gap in the centre. This space symbolizes a transition, like a gateway between worlds.

Symbolism

In Balinese Hinduism, the split gate represents the division between Bhuana Agung (the outer world) and Bhuana Alit (the inner spiritual realm). Passing through the gate signifies moving from the mundane to the sacred, symbolizing a journey of spiritual awakening and balance.

Candi Bentar near the runway at Ngurah Rai International Airport in Denpasar

Decorations

Elaborate carvings adorn these gateways, depicting mythological creatures, floral patterns and motifs. These decorative details draw from Balinese Hindu mythology and carries deep symbolic meanings that reflects the island’s spirituality and heritage.

Orientation

Candi Bentars are oriented based on the kaja-kelod principle. The principle of aligning sacred spaces with the surrounding landscape. Kaja, meaning “toward the mountain” (usually Mount Agung, Bali’s holiest peak), represents the sacred, while kelod, “toward the sea,” signifies the profane. The exact orientation of a Candi Bentar depends on the temple’s location, ensuring a harmonious flow of energy and maintaining cosmic balance. This connection to the sacred geography reflects the influence of Mount Meru, the mythical axis of the universe in Hindu-Buddhist cosmology, with Mount Agung serving as its earthly counterpart in Bali.

Ceremonial Importance

They serve as entry points for processions, offerings and prayers, marking the passage into the sacred realm where physical and spiritual worlds intersect.

Variations

The size and design vary depending on the significance of the building they guard. More prominent gates may feature additional tiers, intricate carvings and ornate roof structures.

Notable Candi Bentars in Bali

Candi Bentar near Ngurah Rai Airport
Its location near the Ngurah Rai Airport emphasizes Bali’s commitment to blending modernity with its rich culture. The airport is named after a Balinese hero from the Indonesian revolution.

Candi Bentar at Pura Tanah Lot
One of the numerous Candi Bentar at Pura Tanah Lot, one of Bali’s most significant sea temples. The temple, perched on a rocky outcrop, is a revered site for Hindu pilgrimage and a symbol of harmony between spirituality and nature.

A Gateway at Nusa Dua
Located at the entrance of Bali’s luxurious Nusa Dua resort area, this Candi Bentar serves as a gateway to one of the island’s high-end cultural and hospitality hubs. The gate exemplifies traditional Balinese architectural motifs and offers a symbolic entryway to a region known for its pristine beaches and upscale resorts.

A Gateway at Melasti Beach on the Southernmost point of Bali

The gateway to Pura Dalem or temple of the dead, located in Denpasar. Dedicated to Shiva, the god of destruction and transformation. Traditionally associated with ceremonies and rituals involving the departed.

The Oldest Candi Bentar

One of Bali’s oldest Candi Bentar is located at Pura Luhur Uluwatu, a cliffside temple overlooking the Indian Ocean. Dating back to the 10th century, this sacred site is as much a spiritual haven as it is a stunning architectural landmark.

The Largest Candi Bentar

Pura Ulun Danu Bratan, a water temple perched on the shores of Lake Bratan in Bedugul. This imposing gateway is a masterpiece of Balinese design, standing as a majestic entrance to the temple complex and one of Bali’s most cherished tourist destinations.

Beyond Bali: The Cultural and Spiritual Roots of Candi Bentar

While predominantly associated with Balinese Hindu temples, its influence transcends religion. In Java, gateways can be found in royal palaces and some Islamic structures. The design reflects Indonesia’s Hindu-Buddhist heritage and has no exact parallel in other countries, though similar architectural symbolism exists in places like Cambodia and Thailand.

A Gateway to Bali’s Soul

The Candi Bentar is a profound symbol of Bali’s spiritual identity and cultural heritage. These gateways connecting the earthly realm with the divine, inviting every visitor to step into a world of beauty, reverence and tradition.